Bituminous structural material.



H. R. WARDELL.

BITUMINOUS STRUCTURAL MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED P21111. 1911.

1,015,919. Patented Jan.30.1912.

HENRY R. WARDELL, 0F NEW YORK, N. 'Y.

BITUMINOUS STRUCTURAL MATERIAL.

Specication of Letters Patent.

, Application l'ed February 11, 1911. Serial No. 607,956.`

To all 'whom t may concer/n.'

Be it known that I, HENRY R. WARDELL, of New York, in the county of NewYork and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Bituminous Structural Materials, whereof the followingisa specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My improvements relate to a structural material in the form of acorrugated composite sheet, composed `of bituminous cement, combinedwith textile or felted fabrics and reinforced by a thin perforatedmetallic sheet whereby there is imparted to the material suflicientrigidity to enable it to be used as a self-supporting structuralmaterial, as for example for'a wall or roof of a building. To this endmy structural material 'is composed of layers, such as roofing fabrics,saturated with a bituminous cement, and also an internal strengtheninglayer composed of hard bituminous cement, within which is embedded athin perforated metallic sheet. This layer of hard cement reinforced bythe metallic sheet gives to the structure great strength, while theother layer or layers of fabric saturated with bituminous cementeffectually protect the strengthening layer from deterioratinginfluences. p

I will describe la structural material embodying my invention,lreference being had to the accompanying drawinlg, in which the figureshows a portion of a corrugated sheet embodying my invention.

This` sheet is made up of three layers, namely, the external protectinglayers, 1, and 2, and the internal strengthening layer, which liesbetween them. This internal layer is in turn composed of Van intermedi?ate reinforcing layer 3, consisting of a thin perforated metallic sheetand layers of hard bituminous cement 4, 4, covering the surfaces of thesheet metal, passing through its perforations, and forming a singlehomogeneous mass reinforced by the sheet metal embedded therein. Theinternal layer. 1s preferably formed of a hard p-ure natiye bitumen, asfor example grahamite, or g1 lsonite. This is properl fluxed until it isof such consistency at i777 degrees F., that when tested for fiveseconds with a No. 2, cambric needle, under a hundred gram weight, itwill be penetrated to a depth. of about 0.10 mm. The consistency may bevaried depending upon the viscosity of the Patented Jan. 30,1912. y

object is attained, which is'to produce a v structural layer which willretain its shape and have sustainingpower under maximumsun temperatures.Regard should also be had, in determining the consistency bf thismaterial,v to the condi-tions under which the structure is to v be used.The structural strength and sustaining power of this layer 4isincreased-by embedding within it a perforated metal sheet. as shown inthe figure. i

This metallicsheet 3, consists of Aa thin sheet with transverse oblongperforations, but thev shape and extent of the p erforations may vary.The combined area of the perforat-ions should be sufficiently great tocause the bituminous material on either side of the sheet ,to be sofully united by means of the bituminous material entering theperforations as tov substantially constitute one mass of materialreinforced by 'the embed'h ded sheet. This is by way ofcont-radistinction to the use of an unperforated sheet with two layersof cementing material one on either side. In the latter case, thestrength of the sheetfis dependent upon the adhesive force with whichthe cement clings to the surface of the metal, while in the -stru'cturewhich I have described this is not an important factor, since theperforations are suiiciently numerous and of suli-. cient area to giveunity to the entire body of cement, notwithstanding the metal sheet iembedded therein.

On either side of this internal .strengthening sheet there is placed anexternal protective layer 1, and 2. Thisl external layer may consist ofordinary l felted fabric commonly used in bituminous rooings properlysaturated with a bituminous cement which should be of a softerconsistency than that employed inthe internal layer. By making Itheexternal layers with acement of softer consistency the cracking of theprotective layers is prevented,.so as to prevent atmospheric inuencesfrom workmg upon the internal layer to its deterioration.

The employment of internal and external layers having differentcharacteristics, as above set forth, has been previously described by mein Letters- Patent ofthe United States No. 851,331, granted to me underdate of'April 23rd, 1907, and in Letters Patent of the y 958,450,granted to me under datev of .May 17th, 1910, and I 'do not herein claimthe United States No.

case, the employment of a reinforcing ystructure of woven wire mesh, asdescribed .in my Patent No. 958,450. Such a wire mesh is not the same inits strengthening effect as the perforated metal sheet. Under strains ofuse7 crossing Wires of a Woven metal structure move in relation to eachother, and thereby facilitate their loosening from the bituminoussurfaces to which they ought to adhere. On the other hand, a perforatedmetal sheet does not possess this capacity, for one part to move inrelation to the other. It will be, understood that when Ispeak of aperforated metal sheet, the Words are used in their exact sense, asreferring to a sheet of metal, which has been perforated,asfdistinguished from such a structure as the wire mesh described in myprevious patent.

Having thus described my invention, I claim :w

A corrugated composite bituminous structural material consist-ing of aninternal layer of hard bituminous cement reinforced by a thin perforatedmetallic sheet embedd ed therein having combined with it one or moreexternal protective bituminous sheets.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name at New York, NewYork, this seventh day of February 1911.

HENRY R. VVARDELL. Witnesses A. J. ARIEL, ERNEST SEARING.

